Bandarawela Municipal Council | Cities

City Information

Land use

Urban expansion

POPULATION IN 2012 CENSUS

24168

Population Estimate

32000

Population density

27.61^{persons / ha}

Administrative area

875.16^ha

Number of Grama Niladhari Divisions within the Municipal Council Limits

15^ha

Our Vision

Transforming the healthy climate of Bandarawela to picturesque a Healthy Resort of Asia.

Our Mission

To Contribute for the prevision of a confident service of public health, thorough fares, welfare and public utility service in an optimum level utilizing resources efficiently and productively with a participative approach and with a sensation to environment to ensure the Social, Economic and Cultural development of the people in the administrative area of the Bandarawela Municipal Council.

Thematic maps

Spatial data on various subjects pertaining to the area are presented here, with latitudinal and longitudinal positioning.

Demography

A city is a large human settlement. People are the main driving force in a city. The dynamism of a city

Education

Education has always been a significant element in societal development. The development of education facilities contributes substantially to the

Economy

Cities are the primary drivers of economic development, therefore, Sri Lanka’s cities have a decisive role to play in driving the economy

Urban Governance

Urban governance can be simplified as “how government (local, regional and national) and stakeholders decide on planning, financing and

Municipal Services

Municipal services is one of the key tasks an urban centre carries out fto ensure a functional living condition for its citizens. The access to

Environment

A city needs to have an environment that is habitable and conducive with appropriate spaces for people who use the city, while also being resilient

Demography

Population

32000

ADMINISTRATIVE AREA

875.16 ha

Density

27.61 persons / ha

A city is a large human settlement. People are the main driving force in a city. The dynamism of a city is dependent on people and their behaviour. A preliminary understanding of the composition and diverse capabilities of the populations in a city should be the key to a successful urban study.

This section provides a description of the demographic status and trends in the city, primarily based on 2012 census data, presenting an overall view of the population. Trends and patterns of urban population are discussed including aspects of demography such as age, sex, ethnicity, education levels; and overall observations with regard to migration patterns, suburban population and gender.

Understanding the demographic and composition patterns of the population within the existing physical boundary will help in planning a livable city.

Gender distribution by age

Source - Department of Census and Statistics

Gender differences in the demography of Bandrawela MC is seen with a higher number of women than men, a trend was seen in all the major cities in Sri Lanka, but pronounced in Bandarawela (94 men per 100 females, i.e. 53% are female). In Bandarawela, in all the age groups, there are more females than men. This is also a national trend. As with other cities, the female elderly population is significantly higher than their male counterparts, and of the total male and female populations in 2012, the male and female elderly proportions were reported to be 12 and 13 percent, respectively, which results from the higher life expectancy of women. The high proportion of elderly women in the MCs poses questions about how their wellbeing can be secured and will be a growing policy concern for many cities and the GoSL as has been the case in many advanced economies with aging populations.

Download data file here

Language competency

Source - Department of Census and Statistics

This indicates that ethnic groups and their language abilities in 2012.

Download data file here

Reason for migration

Source - Department of Census and Statistics

Download data file here

Sex Ratio (Female per every 100 Males) by age group

Source - Department of Census and Statistics

Download data file here

Composition of the Ethnic Profile - by Urban Area, District, and Province

Source - Department of Census and Statistics

Most of the Sinhalese living in this area are Buddhists, with Tamils following Hinduism forming the next largest religious group. Other religious persuasions in the province are Islam and a small number of Christians. This graph shows how the city compares in ethnic composition to the district and the province. While usually cities show a more cosmopolitan nature than the province, in the case of Bandarawela, this is not so. The Bandarawela city reflects the close composition of the district and the provincial percentages. The reason for this probably being that Bandarawela is seen as a Plantation sector-based city that continues to be historically determined and such tends to remain largely Tamils.

Download data file here

Migrant population in city limits by years of residence

Source - Department of Census and Statistics

The total male resident population in the Bandarawela Municipal Council area is 11460, the total female resident population is 12708 out of which the total male migrant population is 2381 and the total female migrant population is 2903. According to that the amount of female inmigrants are comparatively higher than the male inmigrants..

Download data file here

Population by religion

Source - Resource Profile - Divisional Secretariat, Bandarawela.

The chart above shows the ethnic groups living in the area out of the total population living in the Bandarawela Municipal Council area.

Education

Education has always been a significant element in societal development. The development of education facilities contributes substantially to the development in an urban area.

As a developing country it is crucial to address poverty in order to attain the development goals. Education plays a major role in poverty reduction. Presently, several global cities have been implementing the concept of smart city to improve the quality of life of the society, including in the field of education.

Good educational institutions and coverage enables a population to have decent livelihoods be they self employed or part of the workforce. Understanding how a city provides primary, secondary and tertiary eductional as well as skill development through vocational centres could provide some pointers to how well a city is doing or where it needs to develop further.

Computer literacy - ( Population aged 10 years and above )

Source - Department of Census and Statistics

Download data file here

Category of Educational attainment by Gender( aged 3 - 24 years )

Source - Department of Census and Statistics

The above age group in Bandarawela MC around half of the of people who are in age 3 to 24 are attending schools.

Classification of schools

Source - Resource Profile - Divisional Secretariat, Bandarawela

This data details the educational facilities available in the Bandarawela area.

Number of Pirivena students

Source - Resource Profile - Divisional Secretariat, Bandarawela

This data details the Pirivena educational facilities available in the Bandarawela area.

Economy

Cities are the primary drivers of economic development, therefore, Sri Lanka’s cities have a decisive role to play in driving the economy forward by catalysing high value-added economic activities, as the country strives to achieve upper middle-income country status.

According the latest Word Cities report, 80 per cent of global GDP is created by cities, despite their accounting for less than 60 per cent of the world’s population (UN-Habitat, 2016).

The Government of Sri Lanka recognizes the role of urban economy in shaping the future of the country. In this respect, Vision 2025 and Public Investment Programme (PIP) 2017-2020 lays out the urban policy priority actions: to promote western region as economic hub of the southern part of the Indian subcontinent, and to promote strategic city development to secondary urban spaces as provincial economic hubs.

It is also interesting to see how competitive a city is, taking into account current and potential roles of governments, businesses and the private sector in the economic development of the city and urban settlements, best use of human capital, and labour force participation, and existing skills and the job market etc. within demarcated territory.

Annual court fine income

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council

The chart above shows the Annual court fine income.

Annual gully service revenue

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council

The chart above shows the annual income generated from the removal of gully waste in the Bandarawela Municipal Council area.

Annual income from sale of compost fertilizer

Anuual Stamp Duty Income

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council

The chart above shows the Anuual Stamp Duty Income.

Urban Governance

Urban governance can be simplified as “how government (local, regional and national) and stakeholders decide on planning, financing and managing urban areas”. It involves a continuous process of negotiation and contestation over allocation of social and material resources and political power.

This section provide a snapshot of the emergent contours of urban governance in Sri Lanka, focusing on financial resilience, service provision and economic dynamism.

Information available here are collected and calculated considering secondary data sets, ground level surveys as well as stakeholder discussions. The city governance index has taken many a factor into consideration and provides a valuable way of assessing our cities and how they rank from a governance perspective.

Human resources of Local Authority

Source - Municipal Council - Bandarawela

Approved cadre and existing cadre for the Local authority are given here. The number of vacancies can be found by subtracting the approved cadre from the existing cadre.

Workers related to road sector

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council

There are permanent and casual workers in the road sector in the MC. in year 2021, the majority of them are permanent workers.

Workers related to Sanitation sector

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council

All the available sanitation-related workers in the MC are permanent in the year 2018. the workers are responsible for all the cleaning and maintaining sanitation-related services in the MC. the permanent as well as casual workers in the MC are supporting the services to be maintained at an efficient level.

Municipal Services

Municipal services is one of the key tasks an urban centre carries out fto ensure a functional living condition for its citizens.

The access to municipal services and the quality of their provision strongly influence the social, economic and environmental performance of a city as well as urban development.

Urban centres provide key services that underpin Sri Lanka’s socioeconomic development. Cities provide key government administration functions, such as vehicle registration services, access to social protection schemes, and a range of additional services (explored in detail in Chapter 9, urban governance in the SoSLC Report). Urban centres provide residents with health and education services: providing equitable access to quality healthcare and education. They also include services to facilitate social recreational activities and promote community cohesion, such as libraries, community centres and sports facilities. Ensuring quality services is a crucial component in securing an urban future for all Sri Lankans.

Availability of Services

Availability of Road Inventory	Yes
Availability of Asset register	Yes
An online system is available for citizen to request services	No
A "reference no" is issued to the citizen requesting services	Yes
A "Front Office" is available	Yes
All the services can be accessed at a single location (Front Office) by a visiting citizen	No
Separate Male/Female toilets are available for the visiting citizen	No

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council

This data represent the 2018 records. Services delivered to the citizens by the local authority is very important to measure the functionalities and capacities of the local authority.

Waste Generation Amount

Number of training for Capacity Development

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council

Providing trainings to the staff will increase the capacities of the officers in managing and decision making. This data explained on provided trainings and the number of officers trained.

Solid waste collection and disposal (Per day)

Libraries and community centers

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council Public Library

Bandarawela Public Library, which belongs to the Bandarawela Municipal Council, was established on 1960 January 20, with 600 books and about 100 members. The number of registered readers by the year 2021 is 16356.

Download data file here

Please go to the website at this link

Cremations and burials in Crematoriums and cemeteries (Monthly)

Heavy vehicles and equipment owned by local authority

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council

Uplifting the people’s living standards is a prominent task as well as a requirement of any country. Sri Lanka also attempts to acquire a higher level of living standard of people in the field of economic, social, and cultural development. In the process, it is a preeminent contribution in minimizing regional disparities, contributing to national economic development, and strengthening the democratic process that has been shown by the Provincial Councils and the Local Government system in the country. Local Government ministry has provided allocation for the strengthening of low-income generated Local Authorities to improve infrastructure facilities and furnish essential machines and equipment. Especially, more allocations have been provided for selected local authorities, which are facing many difficulties in carrying out day-to-day maintenances due to insufficient income levels. according to the data, the Bandarawela city of Uva province is having road roller and excavator.

Regulatory Services (Applications average per month)

Source - Bandarawela Municipal Council

The Municipal council receive different types of applications. Considering the monthly average of the received applications, the highest amount of applications are received to obtain trade license. There are no data available on recived average number of applications for non vesting certificate, ownership certificate and change of ownership.

Environment

A city needs to have an environment that is habitable and conducive with appropriate spaces for people who use the city, while also being resilient in the face of increasing climate risk.

Aspects such as a cities’ air and water quality, quality of the built environment as well as the aesthetic and historic aspects in the city are things we need to look at. However, in the light of increasing disaster risk, managing climate change impact in the light of current urbanisation patterns becomes a key concern, and thus land use planning in a city needs to take this into account.

SDG targets 11.4 (safeguarding cultural and natural heritage) and 11.5 (reducing impacts of disasters, especially floods), 11.6 (air quality and waste) and 11.7 (safe, open and green spaces for all groups) all emphasize that for a city to be sustainable, these aspects need to be considered.

Annual average air temperature at observation stations

Source - Department of Meteorology

Here is the change in the annual values of air temprature from 2006 to 2013. According to the Bandarawela Observatory station, air temprature in the area is calculated separately for each month and more information can be downloaded from the following detailed statistics.

Download data file here

Annual rainfall at observation station

Source - Economic and Social Statistics of Sri Lanka - 2019

The annual values of rainfall from 2009 to 2018 are reflected here.

Rainfall and Rainy Days

Source - Economic and Social Statistics of Sri Lanka - 2019

Here is the change in the annual values of rainfall from 2009 to 2018.

Proper management of land, a scarce resource, can bring about many benefits. This is of great importance especially in urban areas.

It is timely to figure out how land is allocated and being used for what purpose in our cities today. In order to create well planned cities with a futuristic vision, having a better understanding of current land use is imperative.

Land use maps are categorized into 36 sub-categories under two types – built-up and non built-up. The extent of land in each of these sub categories are indicated below.

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Legends

Built-Up
- Residential
  - High Rise
  - Low Rise
  - Slum
  - Shanty
Non-Built-Up

Built-Up

Total
Built-Up 4 (ha)

Residential
High Rise

1
Low Rise

1
Slum

1
Shanty

1

Non-Built-Up

Total
Non-Built-Up 0 (ha)

In all of the cities it can be identified that the higher densities are concentrated in the city centres and the expansion is taken place along the roads. The expansion pattern is shaped by the geography of the surrounding area.

The selection of the area for the urban expansion analysis was followed by several preliminary studies. Initially, the urban index values which was identified using the remote sensing information were studied in the respective municipal areas including a fringe area.
Before selecting interested area for the expansion analysis it should consider following facts
- Municipal boundary
- At least 2-3 km buffer around Municipal boundary
- Rough boundary where the physical urban character disappearing

In the remote sensing discipline, the values higher than 0 represent the built-up areas.The boundary for the fringe area was identified by getting the extent of urban expansion as well as a fine boundary where the high-density expansion become insignificant. The identified boundaries were projected on to the latest satellite images to assure the identified urban index values are in line with the existing building densities.

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Urban expansion statistics

Bandarawela Municipal Council ( km 2 )

Overall Growth rate 1995 - 2017 %

Urban change 1995 - 2017

TOTAL AOI 0

Municipality

Urban expansion 1995 - 2017
Fringe

Urban expansion 1995 - 2017